centos7 lnmp
1.多线程下载工具
yum install axel yum install gcc gcc-c++ cmake make autoconf
2.安装nginx
2.1 安装依赖
nginx 依赖ssl、rewrite、gzip
2.2 建立目录
cd /home mkdir webserver cd webserver mkdir nginx mysql php library cd library mkdir openssl pcre zlib
2.3 ssl依赖 openssl，rewrite依赖pcre，gzip依赖zlib
#openssl wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1a.tar.gz yum install libtool perl-core zlib-devel -y #安装响应的组件 tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.1a.tar.gz cd openssl-1.1.1a ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl shared zlib make && make install vi /etc/profile.d/openssl.sh # /etc/profile.d/openssl.sh pathmunge /usr/local/openssl/bin vi /etc/ld.so.conf.d/openssl-1.1.0g.conf # /etc/ld.so/conf.d/openssl-1.1.0g.conf /usr/local/openssl/lib #执行命令使openssl新版本lib路径生效 ldconfig -v #重开shell #zlib axel -n 10 http://www.zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.11 ./configure --prefix=/home/webserver/library/zlib make && make install #pcre axel -n 10 https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.41.tar.gz tar -zxvf pcre-8.41.tar.gz cd pcre-8.41 ./configure --prefix=/home/webserver/library/pcre make && make install
2.4安装nginx --with-pcre=路径 为源码的路径
cd ../ axel -n 10 http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz cd nginx-1.14.2 ./configure \ --prefix=/home/weserver/nginx \ --with-http_realip_module \ --with-http_sub_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_dav_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_addition_module \ --with-pcre=/home/webserver/library/pcre-8.41 \ --with-openssl=/home/webserver/library/openssl-1.1.1a \ --with-openssl-opt='enable-tls1_3 enable-weak-ssl-ciphers' \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_v2_module \ --with-zlib=/home/webserver/library/zlib-1.2.11 make && make install
2.5常用命令
#测试是否安装成功 cd /home/webserver/nginx/sbin ./nginx -t
查看Nginx的版本号：./nginx -v
启动Nginx：./nginx
快速停止或关闭Nginx：./nginx -s stop
正常停止或关闭Nginx：./nginx -s quit
配置文件修改重装载命令：./nginx -s reload
2.6将nginx加入系统命令
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash
#nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server
# it is v.0.0.2 version.
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.
# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.
# processname: nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginxd=/alidata/server/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx_config=/alidata/server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx_pid=/alidata/server/nginx/run/nginx.pid
RETVAL=0
prog="nginx"
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ [${NETWORKING} = "no"] ] && exit 0
[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
# Start nginx daemons functions.
start() {
if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
echo "nginx already running...."
exit 1
fi
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
return $RETVAL
}
# Stop nginx daemons functions.
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $nginxd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /alidata/server/nginx/run/nginx.pid
}
# reload nginx service functions.
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`
killproc $nginxd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL保存，加入服务
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx chkconfig --add nginx
2.7创建nginx.service，加入服务
vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service [Unit] Description=nginx After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/alidata/server/nginx/sbin/nginx ExecReload=/alidata/server/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload ExecStop=/alidata/server/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
保存，重新加载
systemctl daemon-reload
设置开机启动
systemctl enable nginx
2.8通过服务操作nginx
service nginx start 启动nginx service nginx stop 关闭nginx service nginx restart 重启nginx service nginx reload 重新加载nginx
三、安装php
3.1安装依赖
yum -y install libxml2 yum -y install libxml2-devel yum -y install openssl yum -y install openssl-devel yum -y install curl-devel yum -y install libjpeg-devel yum -y install libpng-devel yum -y install freetype-devel yum -y install bzip2-devel yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel yum -y install postgresql-devel yum -y install aspell-devel yum -y install readline-devel yum -y install libxslt-devel yum -y install net-snmp-devel yum -y install unixODBC-devel yum -y install libicu-devel yum -y install libc-client-devel yum -y install libXpm-devel yum -y install libvpx-devel yum -y install enchant-devel yum -y install openldap yum -y install openldap-devel yum -y install db4-devel yum -y install gmp-devel yum -y install sqlite-devel yum -y install mysql-devel
3.2其他依赖
cmake 需要大于3.0.2
wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.13/cmake-3.13.0.tar.gz tar -zxvf cmake-3.13.0.tar.gz cd cmake-3.13.0 ./bootstrap --prefix=/usr/ make && make install cmake --version
安装libzip
wget https://libzip.org/download/libzip-1.5.1.tar.gz tar -zxvf libzip-1.5.1.tar.gz cd libzip-1.5.1 mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && make && make install echo '/usr/local/lib64 /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib64'>>/etc/ld.so.conf&&ldconfig -v
安装oniguruma（php7.4需要）
git clone https://github.com/kkos/oniguruma cd oniguruma autoreconf -vfi ./configure make make install # 再执行 autoreconf -fi export PKG_CONFIG_PATH= 'oniguruma的路径'
安装libiconv（php7.4需要）
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.16.tar.gz tar -zxvf libiconv-1.16.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.16 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make make install ldconfig 编译php7.4的时候加上-liconv make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
在更新php版本后，所有的php扩展都需要使用make clean 清理编译缓存，重新编译安装。否则会由于版本不一致报
Unable to initialize module 无法初始化对应模块的错误
3.3添加用户和组
groupadd -r www && adduser -r -g www -s /bin/false -d /home/www -M www
3.4安装php
cd /home/webserver/ axel -n 10 http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.1.tar.gz tar -zxvf php-7.4.1.tar.gz cd php-7.4.1
下面代码按需求修改后全部复制进去一次性执行(php7.3去掉 --with-mcrypt, --enable-gd-native-ttf, --with-libmbfl)
./configure \ --prefix=/home/webserver/php \ --with-config-file-path=/home/webserver/php/etc \ --enable-fpm \ --with-fpm-user=www \ --with-fpm-group=www \ --enable-inline-optimization \ --disable-debug \ --disable-rpath \ --enable-shared \ --enable-soap \ --with-xmlrpc \ --with-openssl \ --with-pcre-regex \ --with-sqlite3 \ --with-zlib \ --enable-bcmath \ --with-iconv \ --with-bz2 \ --enable-calendar \ --with-curl \ --with-cdb \ --enable-dom \ --enable-exif \ --enable-fileinfo \ --enable-filter \ --with-pcre-dir \ --enable-ftp \ --with-gd \ --with-openssl-dir \ --with-jpeg-dir \ --with-png-dir \ --with-freetype-dir \ --with-gettext \ --with-gmp \ --with-mhash \ --enable-json \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-mbregex \ --enable-mbregex-backtrack \ --with-onig \ --enable-pdo \ --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \ --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \ --with-zlib-dir \ --with-pdo-sqlite \ --with-readline \ --enable-session \ --enable-shmop \ --enable-simplexml \ --enable-sockets \ --enable-sysvmsg \ --enable-sysvsem \ --enable-sysvshm \ --enable-wddx \ --with-libxml-dir \ --with-xsl \ --enable-zip \ --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \ --with-pear \ --enable-opcache \ --enable-pcntl \ --enable-posix
make && make install 查看版本信息 /home/webserver/php/bin/php -v
3.4创建配置信息
3.4.1创建www.conf
cd /home/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.d cp
3.4.2创建php-fpm.conf配置文件
cd ../ cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
3.4.3创建php.ini配置文件
将安装源文件目录里的php.ini-production或者php.ini-development修改后缀拷贝到php安装目录的etc文件夹内
cd /home/webserver/php-7.4.1 cp php.ini-production /home/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
3.5加入环境变量
vim /etc/profile PATH=/home/webserver/php/bin:$PATH export PATH #保存 source /etc/profile
3.6加入到服务
cp /home/webserver/php-7.4.1/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
配置php-fpm.conf
vim /home/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf #去掉下面语句前面的分号 pid = run/php-fpm.pid
3.7配置开机启动
chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/php-fpm chkconfig php-fpm on
3.8配置nginx解析php
cd /home/webserver/nginx/conf
vim nginx.conf
#去掉php前的#
#保存
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
#重新加载配置文件
service nginx reload四、安装mysql
4.1安装依赖
yum -y install make bison-devel ncurses-devel libaio libaio-devel perl-Data-Dumper net-tools
4.2编译配置
axel -n 10 tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.13.tar.gz cd mysql-8.0.13 cmake . \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/webserver/mysql \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/webserver/mysql/data \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \ -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \ -DWITH_BOOST=/home/webserver/boost make && make install
4.3配置用户权限
groupadd -r mysql && adduser -r -g mysql -s /bin/false -M mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /home/webserver/mysql
4.5数据库初始化
cd /home/webserver/mysql/bin ./mysqld --initialize --basedir=/home/webserver/mysql --datadir=/home/webserver/mysql/data --user=mysql
4.6加入到系统服务
cp /home/webserver/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql chkconfig --add mysql
4.7修改配置
vim /etc/my.cnf #修改配置 [mysqld] datadir=/alidata/server/mysql/data socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd [mysqld_safe] log-error=/alidata/server/mysql/log/mariadb.log pid-file=/alidata/server/mysql/log/run/mariadb.pid # # include all files from the config directory # !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
保存文件后建立mysql.sock的存放目录，并分配给mysql用户和组
mkdir /var/lib/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
创建日志文件mariadb.log
touch /home/webserver/mysql/log/mariadb.log cd /home/webserver/mysql/log chown -R mysql:mysql mariadb.log
4.8启动mysql，修改密码
service mysql start cd /home/webserver/mysql/bin ./mysql -uroot -p #修改密码 alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by '密码'; flush privileges;
查询用户的密码插件信息
use mysql select plugin,authentication_string,host,user from user;
允许远程访问
my.cnf添加下面参数重启数据库 default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password 创建用户 create user 'root'@'%' identified by 'mysql的密码'; grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%'; flush privileges;
4.9配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile export PATH=$PATH:/home/webserver/php/bin:/home/webserver/php/sbin:/home/webserver/mysql/bin source /etc/profile
五、安装redis
axel -n 10 http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz tar -zxvf redis-5.0.3.tar.gz cd redis-5.0.3 #安装 make PREFIX=/home/webserver/redis/ install #配置 mkdir /home/webserver/redis/data mkdir /home/webserver/redis/log cp ./redis.conf /home/webserver/redis/ vim /home/webserver/redis/redis.conf #修改配置 # IP绑定 bind 127.0.0.1 192.168.0.111 # 保护模式（开启条件为各redis之间可以互相通信,做集群不可开启） protected-mode yes # 访问端口 port 6379 # 连接超时，单位S，0为不启用超时 timeout 0 # 以守护进程运行 daemonize yes # 数据文件路径 dir /alidata/server/redis/data # 进程ID文件的路径 pidfile /alidata/server/redis/log/redis.pid # 日志文件路径 logfile /alidata/server/redis/log/redis.log # 设置登陆密码 requirepass [redis的密码] # 禁用部分危险命令 rename-command FLUSHALL "" rename-command CONFIG "" rename-command EVAL "" # 开启键过期删除通知 notify-keyspace-events Ex
性能优化
# 编辑/etc/rc.local vim /etc/rc.local echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled # 添加/etc/rc.local执行权限 chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local # 编辑/etc/sysctl.conf vim /etc/sysctl.conf vm.overcommit_memory = 1 net.core.somaxconn = 1024 # 立即解决 echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled echo 1024 > /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1 sysctl -p
设置用户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M redis chown -R redis:redis /home/webserver/redis
启动redis并设置开机启动
# 进入单元文件目录 cd /etc/systemd/system # 创建redis单元文件,格式为: [单元文件名].[单元文件类型] vim redis.service [Unit] Description=Start redis on boot. After=default.target network.target [Service] User=redis Group=redis Type=forking PIDFile=/home/webserver/redis/log/redis.pid ExecStart=/home/webserver/redis/bin/redis-server /home/webserver/redis/redis.conf ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID PrivateTmp=false #Restart=always [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target # 修改文件权限为只有root用户可以编辑该文件 chown -R root:root /etc/systemd/system/redis.service chmod -R 644 /etc/systemd/system/redis.service # 更新systemd systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable redis systemctl start redis
redis加入系统服务
cp /home/redis/redis-5.0.3/utils/redis_init_script /etc/init.d/redis
# 编辑/etc/init.d/redis 直接用systemctl控制开启和关闭redis
# start 部分修改
#$EXEC $CONF
systemctl start redis
# stop 部分修改
#PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "Stopping ..."
#$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown
#while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
#do
# echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
# sleep 1
#done
systemctl stop redis配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile PATH=/home/webserver/redis/bin:$PATH # 使配置生效 source /etc/profile
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